BASIC AND APPLIED AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS

2,980.00

AUTHOR: H.L. SHARMA

PUBLISHING YEAR: 2026

ISBN: 9788119892518

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Description

ABOUT THE BOOK

This book is an introductory and has been written in view of the fact that those students who do not have enough background of Statistical Methods, they would certainly be happy  to use these statistical concepts including their role in analysis and drawing inferential conclusions for the data of Applied Sciences. It would also help them in understanding the concepts involved in collection, classification, tabulation, analysis, graphical presentation and interpretation of data. The students would get an exposure to the descriptive statistics (numerical and graphical) random variables, probability, probability distributions, estimation of parameters, concept of sampling distribution, tests of significance, theory of estimation of the parameters, correlation and regression, types of data for probit analysis, non-parametric tests and multivariate statistical techniques.

It has been written primarily on the ICAR course pattern to suit the mediocre students. Eventually, the usual basic material and methods included in this book are the output of the experience achieved by the authors while teaching in Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) in relation to various courses of Statistics to graduate and post-graduate students. This book can serve as a guide not merely in Agricultural University but also in traditional one as far as the topics, analysis and methods are concerned. The difficult mathematical expressions and derivations have been given in simplified forms. Several illustrative examples along with objective type questions (multiple choice) and chapterwise exercises have also been added to demonstrate the methods in vivid way.

The authors hope that this book would certainly be more useful to the teachers and the students working in the University.

 

CONTENTS 

S. NO. Title Page
Foreword
Preface
CHAPTER
1. Introduction

1.1 Origin, meaning and history of statistics

1.2 Definition of statistics

1.3 Importance and scope of statistics

1.4 Functions of statistics

1.5 Uses of statistics in agriculture

1.6 Limitations of statistics

13
2. Collection, Editing, Classification and Tabulation of Data

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Types of data

2.3 Methods of collection of primary data

2.4 Sources of collection of secondary data

2.5 Editing of data

2.6 Precautions in the use of secondary data

2.7 Classification

2.8 Definition of classification

2.9 Precautions at the time of classifying a numerical data

2.10 Basis of classification

2.11 Functions of classification

2.12 Formation of a discrete frequency distribution

2.13 Formation of a continuous frequency distribution

2.14 Tabulation – meaning and importance

2.15 Types of tables

2.16 Constituents of a table

2.17 Requisites of a good table

2.18 Functions of tabulation

22
3. Frequency Distributions, Diagrams and Graphs

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Grouped frequency distribution

3.3 Continuous frequency distribution

3.4 Relative frequency distribution

3.5 Cumulative frequency distribution

3.6 Frequency density

3.7 Relative frequency density

3.8 Variables and variates

3.9 Diagrams and graphs

3.10 Types of diagrams

3.11 Graphs of frequency distributions

3.12 Advantages of diagrams and graphs

44
4. Measures of Central Tendency

4.1 Meaning of measures of central tendency

4.2 Characteristics for an ideal measures of central tendency

4.3 Arithmetic mean

4.4 Properties of arithmetic mean

4.5 Merits and demerits of arithmetic mean

4.6 Weighted arithmetic mean

4.7 Median

4.8 Merits and demerits of median

4.9 Uses of median

4.10 Mode

4.11 Merits and demerits of mode

4.12 Uses of mode

4.13 Geometric mean

4.14 Merits and demerits of geometric mean

4.15 Uses of geometric mean

4.16 Harmonic mean

4.17 Merits and demerits of harmonic mean

4.18 Selection of an average

4.19 Partition values

4.20 Graphical estimation of the partition values

4.21 Graphical estimation of mode

77
5. Measures of Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis

5.1 Meaning of dispersion

5.2 Requisites for an ideal measures of dispersion

5.3 Measures of dispersion

5.4 Root mean square deviation

5.5 Relation between o and s

5.6 Simplified formula for variance

5.7 Effect of change of origin and scale on variance and standard deviation

5.8 Variance and standard deviation of the combined distribution

5.9 Co-efficient of dispersion

5.10 Co-efficient of variation

5.11 Sheppard’s correction for variance

5.12 Skewness

5.13 Measures of skewness

5.14 Kurtosis

140
6. Probability and Mathematical Expectation

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Random experiment

6.3 Sample space

6.4 Trial and events

6.5 Exhaustive events

6 .6 Favourable events

6.7 Mutually exclusive events

6 .8 Equally likely events

6.9 Independent events

6 .10 Mathematical or classical definition of probability

6 .11 Limitations of mathematical or classical definition

6 .12 Statistical or empirical definition of probability

6.13 Additive law of probability

6.14 Multiplicative law of probability

6.15 Mathematical expectation

6.16 Additive law of expectation

6.17 Multiplicative law of expectation

6.18 Co-variance

174
7. Basic Probability Distributions

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Binomial distribution

7.3 Assumptions of binomial distribution

7.4 Mean and variance of binomial distribution

7.5 Recurrence relation for the probabilities of binomial distribution

7.6 Poisson distribution

7.7 Examples of Poisson distribution

7.8 Mean and variance of Poisson distribution

7.9 Recurrence relation for the probabilities of Poisson distribution

7.10 Normal distribution

7.1 1 Chief properties of normal distribution and normal probability curve

7.12 Mode of normal distribution

7.13 Median of normal distribution

7.14 The sum of two independent normal variates is also a normal variate.

7.15 Applications of normal distribution

205
8. Principles of Least Squares and Fitting of Curves

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Fitting of other curves

8.3 Fitting of polynomial of pth degree

8.4 Fitting of a straight line through matrix approach

8.5 Change of origin

245
9. Correlation and Regression

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Scatter diagram

9.3 Karl Pearson’s co-efficient of correlation

9.4 Correlation co-efficient is independent of change of origin and scale of data

9.5 Properties of correlation co-efficient

9.6 An example

9.7 Rank correlation

9.8 Interpretation of coefficient of correlation

9.9 Regression

9.10 Lines of regression

9.11 Properties of regression coefficient

9.12 Angle between two lines of regression

9.13 Multiple and partial correlation

9.14 Yule’s notation

9.15 Derivation of the equation of the plane of regression

9.16 Multiple correlation coefficient

9.17 Partial correlation coefficient

9.18 Multiple correlation in terms of total and partial correlations

260
10. Sampling Distributions and Tests of Significance

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Statistic and parameter

10.3 Sampling distribution

10.4 Standard error

10.5 Chi-square distribution

10.6 Student’s t distribution

10.7 F-distribution

10.8 Tests of significance

10.9 Errors

10.10 Critical regions

10.11 Null hypothesis

10.12 Level of significance

10.13 Tests of significance for large samples

10.14 Conditions for the validity of x2 test

10.15 Yates correction for continuity of x2 test

10.16 Tests of significance for small samples.

10.17 F-test for equality of population variances.

299
11. Analysis of Variance

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Assumptions of analysis of variance

11.3 Linear model

11.4 Technique of analysis of variance

11.5 Computational procedure for the analysis of one way classified data under fixed effects model

11.6 Analysis of two way classified data

1 1 .7 Computational procedure for the analysis of two way classified data under fixed effects model

11.8 Analysis of two way classified data with s observations per cell.

1 1 .9 Computational procedure for the analysis of two way classified data with s observations per cell.

11.10 Importance of the technique of analysis of variance.

330
12. Index Numbers

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Characteristics of index numbers

12.3 Importance of index numbers

12.4 Problems in the construction of index numbers

12.5 Kinds of index numbers

12.6 Tests of consistency for index numbers

12.7 Chain index number

12.8 Difference between fixed base and chain base index numbers.

12.9 Cost of living index number.

355
13. Time series

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Components of time series

13.3 Methods of measuring trend

13.4 Methods of measuring seasonal fluctuations

13.5 Methods of measuring cyclical fluctuations.

380
Glossary 400
Subject Index 407
Appendices 409

 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR 

Dr. H.L. Sharma had been working as Professor and Head in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya,  Jabalpur (M.P.) where he was involved in the activities of teaching, research and extension for the last thirty seven years. He obtained his Ph.D degree from Banaras Hindu University, a well known Traditional Central University. He worked as a Post Doctoral Fellow of Rockefeller Foundation, New York in the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (U.S.A.) during academic year 1990-91.

Dr. Sharma   had also been a recipient of Population Association of America (PAA) Travel Award for presentation of his paper in the International Conference of Population Association of America, Chicago (U.S.A.) in the year 1988.

Recently, he visited Denver, Colorado, (U.S.A.) in regard to the Population Association of America (PAA) meeting in the year 2018 and presented his paper through a series of posters.

He was a member of Broad Subject Matter Area (BSMA) fifth Dean’s Committee during the revision of post graduate courses in Statistical Sciences.

Dr. Sharma guided a number of M.Sc. (Ag) and M.Sc. (Agricultural Statistics) students for their thesis work in the capacity of Major and Minor advisor.

Dr. Sharma published a number of research papers in the National and International journals of repute.

 

Additional information

AUTHOR/AUTHORS

H.L. SHARMA

PAGES

416

BINDING

Hard Back

PUBLICATION YEAR

2026